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Genetic variability in sporadic colorectal cancer: Searching for novel risk, prognostic and predictive biomarkers.
Jirásková, Kateřina ; Vodička, Pavel (advisor) ; Machoň, Ondřej (referee) ; Eckschlager, Tomáš (referee)
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health problem worldwide. Despite improvements in the diagnostic process and advancement in the treatment methods, the prognosis remains poor. To improve survival rates, it is important to identify people with the predisposition for CRC and to detect the potentially curable early stage of the disease. Furthermore, identifying those who would have an adverse clinical outcome associated with a particular chemotherapy would help to avoid redundant chemotherapy burden in patients and contribute to enhanced therapeutic efficacy, while minimizing treatment-related toxicity. The aim of the Thesis was to search for novel promising diagnostic, prognostic and predictive DNA-based biomarkers of sporadic form of CRC. As each patient is genetically unique, these biomarkers would aid clinicians in better diagnosis and/or in the selection of an optimal type of therapy for an individual CRC patient based on their molecular profile. In order to explore this issue, we investigated several candidate genes in healthy individuals as well as in newly diagnosed cancer patients. The major outcomes of this PhD study, which were fully reported in seven publications included in the present Thesis, are 1) The observation of several candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms in microRNA...
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Colorectal cancer can be prevented
Glancová, Hana ; Vachková, Eva (advisor) ; Gigalová, Veronika (referee)
Name and surname of the author: Hana Glancová Institution: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Department of Social Medicine, Department of Nursing Title of the work: Colorectal cancer is preventable. Academic advisor: Mgr. Eva Vachková, Ph.D. Number of pages: 130 Number of attachments: 7 Year of defense: 2016 Key words: cancer, colon and rectal cancer, prevention, screening, health literacy, education Bachelor thesis is focused on cancers of the colon and rectum. It deals with prevention, especially primary and secondary, risk factors, awareness of the population about the disease and a healthy lifestyle. In the theoretical part is mentioned etiology and pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Another area of thesis is the first part of prevention and primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary. There are discussed the possibility of prevention and generally due to cancer of the colon and rectum. The role of the nurse in prevention, education, the development of health literacy of the population and health literacy are two chapters, which ends with the theoretical part of the thesis. In the empirical part the quantitative research using questionnaires. The aim was to obtain data on the public awareness of colon cancer, including...
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Genetic variability in sporadic colorectal cancer: Searching for novel risk, prognostic and predictive biomarkers.
Jirásková, Kateřina ; Vodička, Pavel (advisor) ; Machoň, Ondřej (referee) ; Eckschlager, Tomáš (referee)
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major public health problem worldwide. Despite improvements in the diagnostic process and advancement in the treatment methods, the prognosis remains poor. To improve survival rates, it is important to identify people with the predisposition for CRC and to detect the potentially curable early stage of the disease. Furthermore, identifying those who would have an adverse clinical outcome associated with a particular chemotherapy would help to avoid redundant chemotherapy burden in patients and contribute to enhanced therapeutic efficacy, while minimizing treatment-related toxicity. The aim of the Thesis was to search for novel promising diagnostic, prognostic and predictive DNA-based biomarkers of sporadic form of CRC. As each patient is genetically unique, these biomarkers would aid clinicians in better diagnosis and/or in the selection of an optimal type of therapy for an individual CRC patient based on their molecular profile. In order to explore this issue, we investigated several candidate genes in healthy individuals as well as in newly diagnosed cancer patients. The major outcomes of this PhD study, which were fully reported in seven publications included in the present Thesis, are 1) The observation of several candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms in microRNA...
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Colorectal cancer can be prevented
Glancová, Hana ; Vachková, Eva (advisor) ; Gigalová, Veronika (referee)
Name and surname of the author: Hana Glancová Institution: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, Department of Social Medicine, Department of Nursing Title of the work: Colorectal cancer is preventable. Academic advisor: Mgr. Eva Vachková, Ph.D. Number of pages: 130 Number of attachments: 7 Year of defense: 2016 Key words: cancer, colon and rectal cancer, prevention, screening, health literacy, education Bachelor thesis is focused on cancers of the colon and rectum. It deals with prevention, especially primary and secondary, risk factors, awareness of the population about the disease and a healthy lifestyle. In the theoretical part is mentioned etiology and pathogenesis, epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Another area of thesis is the first part of prevention and primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary. There are discussed the possibility of prevention and generally due to cancer of the colon and rectum. The role of the nurse in prevention, education, the development of health literacy of the population and health literacy are two chapters, which ends with the theoretical part of the thesis. In the empirical part the quantitative research using questionnaires. The aim was to obtain data on the public awareness of colon cancer, including...
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EFFECTIVITY OF SCREENING PROGRAMS OF NEOPLASMS IN CZECH REPUBLIC
Valášková, Veronika ; Pechholdová, Markéta (advisor) ; Nývlt, Ondřej (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the national screening programs for cancer diagnosis. The goal of this thesis is to find a proper way how to evaluate the effectivity of screening programs as well as their influence on the intensity of mortality from certain types of cancer. For the purpose of finding out necessary information were used data related to the diagnosis of colorectal cancer, a diagnosis of cervical cancer and breast cancer in the population of the Czech Republic between 1977 - 2011. This thesis is divided into eight chapters. The first chapter is an introduction to the topic and contains the description of the main goals. The second chapter defines terms that are crucial for this thesis. The third chapter is devoted to data sources and institutions that collect different types of data and health statistics. The next chapter deals with the epidemiology of all described types of cancer and also provide information on risk factors and symptoms of the disease. The fifth chapter looks back at trends in mortality and incidence of the most common malignant tumors in the Czech Republic. The sixth chapter describes planning and implementation of screening processes. The seventh history of screening programs in the Czech Republic. The eighth chapter deals with the rules and regulations of the EU Council and the World Health Organization. The ninth chapter represents the final assessment of Czech screening programs, compared both to the WHO guidelines and the results in the world. The last chapter is including description of mortality and their reaction on screening programs. Text describes even comparison with two other European countries (Germany, France).
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